ANALYSIS OF GRAIN AND BASAL STALK NITROGEN CONTENT FOR NITROGEN DIAGNOSIS IN MAIZE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64132/cds.v43i1.885Keywords:
sowing date, critical level, requirement, Pampas RegionAbstract
Nitrogen (N) content in grains (Ngr) and basal stalk nitrate concentration at physiological maturity (NBT) of maize (Zea mays L.) have been proposed as tools for evaluating N status. However, thresholds for these indicators have not been calibrated for current production conditions, using hybrids with delayed N uptake and late sowing date. The aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of NBT and Ngr as predictors of crop N status at different sites of the Pampas Region. During 2013-2014 growing season, twenty-three maize experiments were carried out: 9 in the Southeastern Pampas (SEB), 5 in the Northern Pampas (NRP) for early sowing (NRPte) and 9 in NRP for late sowing (NRPta). Five N rates were applied: 0, 40, 80, 120 and 200 kg N ha-1. At physiological maturity, yield, Ngr content and NBT were determined. Relationships between relative yield (RR) and NBT and Ngr were established to define critical thresholds. The main results indicates that: a) the response to nitrogen fertilization was NRPte > SEB > NRPta, b) Ngr content follow the trend SEB > NRPta > NRPte, whereas NBT follows the trend NRPta > SEB > NRPte, c) mean critical levels were 1.29% (1.26% to 1.32%) for Ngr and 1256 mg kg-1 (1056 to 1493 mg kg-1) for NBT at 95% of RR, and d) a total N supply greater than 37 kg N t grain-1 results in N excess. In summary, both Ngr and NBT are adequate indicators of nitrogen status of maize, which can be used as postmortem analysis.
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